(Household Social Consumption: Education, July 2017 to June 2018)
Formerly
Professor & Head of EMIS Department
National Institute of
Educational Planning & Administration, New Delhi
Email: acmehta100@gmail.com
Background
Different agencies used to collect information on school education in India either on regular basis through the administrative survey or occasionally through the household survey apart from which Census & Registrar General of India also collect information on educational variables through its decennial Census. In addition, information on a few educational variables is also being collected through the National Family Health Survey, the latest of which NFHS-5 is available for the year 2019-20. Over a period of time, administrative surveys in education in India have improved significantly and most of the limitations of the 1980s are addressed and data on most of the requisite variables are now available at disaggregated levels with a reduced time-lag more comprehensive information is now available than in the past.
Despite significant improvement in educational statistics in India still, information on all the requisite variables needed to assess the status of participation of children in educational programmes is not available. Information on such variables is either not required annually but the same, even if made available once in 4 to 5 years will serve the purpose. Because of the requirements, educational surveys have been conducting both on the census and also on a sample basis.
On the one hand, the All India School Education Survey was being conducted by the NCERT, New Delhi on a quinquennial basis the lasted of which is the Eight Survey with 30th September 2008 as its date of reference, on the other hand, NSSO used to collect information on a few educational variables through its different rounds which are considered the most reliable source of information in India. It may be recalled that the unit of data collection in case of the administrative survey is school and that of the household surveys, it is the head of the household. It has been a practice to conduct surveys on social (including education sector) consumption the first of which through the 35th Round was conducted between July 1980 to June 1981. The subsequent NSSO rounds and period of each survey conducted are as follows:
- 42nd Round: July 1986 to June 1987
- 52nd Round: July 1995 to June 1996
- 64th Round: July 2007 to June 2008
- 71st Round: January 2014 to June 2014; and
- 75th Round: July 2017 to June 2018
The latest social consumption survey with a focus on education was conducted during the period July 2017 to June 2018 incidentally the administrative survey through the U-DISE is also latest available for the year 2017-18 & 2018-19.
The
main purpose of the 75th Round survey was to collect information on the
educational attainment of a person of age 3 to 35 years, expenditure incurred
& population currently not attending apart their ability to use computers
and internet and access to the same. Like
other rounds of NSSO, the sample of the 75th round was also
comprehensive as it is based on 1,13,757 households enumerating 5,13,366
persons of age 3 to 35 years.
In the present note, the following indicators have been analysed both at the state as well as at the all-India level at different levels of school education and also for the corresponding age groups in the rural and urban areas.
· Gross Attendance Ratio
· Net Attendance Ratio
· Age-specific Attendance Ratio
· Percentage of Dropouts
· Reasons of Dropouts
· Computers & Internet Connectivity
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